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Tunisia
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Description

Gibberellic acid (GA3) induced fruiting when applied to unpollinated female inflorescences of date palm cultivars Deglet Nour, Allig, Kentichi and Menakher. One plant and 8 inflorescences were selected for each cultivar. GA3 was applied at spathe opening and one week after opening. For comparison, an unpollinated inflorescence with no GA3 treatment was covered with a kraft bag until fruit set, and another untreated inflorescence was pollinated with pollen from genotype T23. Fruit set rate and fruit characteristics were determined upon removal of the protective bags. Germination tests revealed 80% seed germination; seedlings appeared to be diploid under flow cytometric analysis. Application of aqueous solutions of GA3 on unpollinated female inflorescences gave a frequency of fruit set ranging from 20% to 64% (depending on cultivar and concentration) compared to a 9% maximum for unpollinated and GA3-untreated inflorescences. Seeds obtained through GA3treatment developed normally and contained a kernel and a viable embryo. GA3treatments increased the fresh weight of fruits. Total sugar and sucrose contents of fruits dropped in GA3-treated Deglet Nour, while glucose and fructose levels remained stable. The possible origin of embryos formed following GA3 treatment is discussed (apomixis or self pollination resulting from the development of staminodes).

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